A Regularity Criterion for Semigroup Rings

An analogue of the Kunz–Frobenius criterion for the regularity of a local ring in a positive characteristic is established for general commutative semigroup rings.     

Negishi cross-coupling of organotellurium compounds: synthesis of biaryls, aryl-, and diaryl acetylenes

A functional group tolerant palladium-catalyzed Negishi coupling of diaryl tellurides with organozinc has been developed. This methodology permits efficient preparation of biaryls, aryl acetylenes and diaryl acetylenes in moderate to good yields. A preliminary study to gain further insight into the reaction was performed using in situ ReactIR technology.     

Quantum effects on the stability of the He5I2 van der Waals conformers

We present 15-dimensional quantum multiconfiguration time-dependent Hartree calculations of the vibrational levels of the He₅I₂ van der Waals (vdW) complex employing an ab initio-based potential energy surface (PES). The energies and spatial features of such bound structures are analyzed, providing predictions on the structures and relative stabilities of its three lowest isomers. We found that the most stable isomer corresponds to all five He atoms encircling the I₂ molecule, indicating that in this case the anharmonic quantum effects do not stabilize the isomers involving a He atom in a linear configuration as reported previously for the smaller He_NI₂ systems. Such finding provides information on the overall structuring of the finite-size-solvent systems, highlighting the intriguing interplay between weak intermolecular interactions and quantum effects. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

流动注射-电化学-表面等离子体激元共振联用技术研究二茂铁硫醇氧化还原结构变化

采用流动注射-电化学-表面等离子体激元共振联用技术研究了11-二茂铁基十一烷基-1-硫醇自组装膜在氧化还原过程中的构型变化.结果表明,二茂铁硫醇在氧化过程中,分子发生了两种结构变化:远离电极表面,烷基链与电极表面的夹角增大;分子上两个平行的戊基环绕着二茂铁-碳轴发生旋转.     

向量均衡问题的K-T条件

利用映射的Fréchet可微的概念研究具约束的向量均衡问题的弱有效解,Henig有效解,超有效解以及全局有效解的最优性条件,在不具任何凸性条件下给出了的向量均衡问题的K-T必要性条件,在加上凸性条件下给出了向量均衡问题的K-T充分性条件。     

自余弱弦图

研究了一类自余(sc)弱弦图,即广义的自余弱弦图,得到了一些自余弱弦图的下边界和上边界.讨论了自余弱弦图的识别问题,特别地给出了一种O(m2)时间算法,能推断自余图是弱弦的还是非弱弦的,进一步作者编目了自余弱弦图的至少17种异体.     

微分多项式环的半交换性和对称性

研究微分多项式环R[x;δ]和Ore扩张环R[x;α,δ]的广义半交换性质和广义对称性质,使用逐项分析方法证明了：设R是δ-Armendariz环,则R[x;δ]是诣零半交换环（弱半交换环、广义弱对称环、弱zip环、右弱McCoy环）当且仅当R是诣零半交换环（弱半交换环、广义弱对称环、弱zip环、右弱McCoy环）;设R是弱2-素环和（α,δ）-条件环,则R[x;α,δ]是诣零半交换环（分别地,弱半交换环,广义弱对称环）.     

Axisymmetric deformations of circular rings made of linear and Neo-Hookean materials under internal and external pressure: A benchmark for finite element codes

The axisymmetric deformations of thick circular rings are investigated. Four materials are explored: linear material, incompressible Neo-Hookean material and Ogden's and Bower's forms of compressible Neo-Hookean material. Radial distributed forces and a displacement-dependent pressure are the external loads. This problem is relatively simple and allows analytical, or semi-analytical, solution; therefore it has been chosen as a benchmark to test commercial finite element software for various material laws at large strains. The solutions obtained with commercial finite element software are almost identical to the present semi-analytical ones, except for the linear material, for which commercial finite element programs give incorrect results.     

Spectral-Collocation Method for Volterra Delay Integro-Differential Equations with Weakly Singular Kernels

A spectral Jacobi-collocation approximation is proposed for Volterra delay integro-differential equations with weakly singular kernels. In this paper, we consider the special case that the underlying solutions of equations are sufficiently smooth. We provide a rigorous error analysis for the proposed method, which shows that both the errors of approximate solutions and the errors of approximate derivatives decay exponentially in $L^∞$ norm and weighted $L^2$ norm. Finally, two numerical examples are presented to demonstrate our error analysis.     

Direct numerical simulation of free and forced square jets

Direct numerical simulation (DNS) of incompressible, spatially developing square jets in the Reynolds number range of 500–2000 is reported. The three-dimensional unsteady Navier–Stokes equations are solved using high order spatial and temporal discretization. The objective of the present work is to understand the evolution of free and forced square jets by examining the formation of large-scale structures. Coherent structures and related interactions of free jets suggest control strategies that can be used to achieve enhanced spreading and mixing of the jet with the surrounding fluid. The critical Reynolds number for the onset on unsteadiness in an unperturbed free square jet is found to be 875–900 while it reduces to the range 500–525 in the presence of small-scale perturbations. Disturbances applied at the flow inlet cause saturation of KH-instability and early transition to turbulence. Forced jet calculations have been carried out using varicose perturbation with amplitude of 15%, while frequency is independently varied. Simulations show that the initial development of the square jet is influenced by the four corners leading to the appearance hairpin structures along with the formation of vortex rings. Farther downstream, adjacent vortices strongly interact leading to their rapid breakup. Excitation frequencies in the range 0.4–0.6 cause axis-switching of the jet cross-section. Results show that square jets achieve greater spreading but are less controllable in comparison to the circular ones.